Crossbar matrix for programmed switching

ABSTRACT

A crossbar matrix for programmed switching and operation of electrical devices including a first series of bars mounted for movement in a first coordinated direction between operative and inoperative positions; each bar of the first series having a series of spaced first energy-emitting devices or energy controlling devices; a second series of bars mounted for movement in a second coordinated direction between operative and inoperative positions; each bar of said second series having a series of spaced second energy-emitting devices or energy controlling devices; means for selectively moving the bars; the second and first energy-emitting devices or energy-controlling devices forming pairs cooperating only when the respective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions; an electrically energizing component for each of the pairs operated only upon cooperation of its respective pair when the respective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions; whereby selectively moving the bars selectively operates the electrical energyoperated components thereby cooperates selective electrical devices.

United States Patent [72] Inventor Bernard Edward Shlesinger, Jr.

3906 Bruce Lane, Annandale, Va. 22003 g [21] Appl. No. 1,774

[22] Filed Jan. 9, 1970 [45] Patented Dec-21, 1971 [54] CROSSBAR MATRIXFOR PROGRAMMED SWITCHING 68 Claims, 21 Drawlng Figs.

[52) US. Cl. 340/166 R, 335/112, 335/134 [51] Int. Cl 1101b 63/02,

[50] Field of Search 340/ 166, 365, 149; 250/213, 220, 227; 200/16,81.4;

OTHER REFERENCES IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin Vol. 9, No. 7, p.774, Dec. 1966, Crossbar Switching System," Gergaud PrimaryExaminer-Donald J. Yusko AnorneyShlesinger, Arkwright &. GarveyABSTRACT: A crossbar matrix for programmed switching and operation ofelectrical devices including a first series of bars mounted for movementin a first coordinated direction between operative and inoperativepositions; each bar of the first series having a series of spaced firstenergy-emitting devices or energy controlling devices; a second seriesof bars mounted for movement in a second coordinated direction betweenoperative and inoperative positions; each bar of said second serieshaving a series of spaced second energy-emitting devices or energycontrolling devices; means for selectively moving the bars; the secondand first energy-emitting devices or energy-controlling devices formingpairs cooperating only when the respective bars of each pair are movedto operative positions; an electrically energizing component for each ofthe pairs operated only upon cooperation of its respective pair when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions; wherebyselectively moving the bars selectively operates the electricalenergy-operated components thereby cooperates selective electricaldevices.

PATENTED 05021 :sn 3,629,836

I SHEET 1 OF 5 IN VENTOR.

I 1 97. I I Q v 2M4 PATENTEU new I971 3629336 SHEET a 0F 5 I IN VENTORLCROSSBAR MATRIX FOR PROGRAMMED SWITCHING This invention relates tocrossbar switching mechanisms and particularly to those such as aredescribed in my US. Pat. Nos. 3,360,657 issued Dec. 26, 1967; 3,406,377issued Oct. I5, 1968; 3,439,179 issued Apr. I5, 1969; and 3,458,708issued .luly 29, 1969. It is also related to the patents of Mustafa U.S.Pat. No. 3,427,575 issued Feb. 11, 1969, and Brightman US. Pat. No.3,474,415 issued Oct. 21, 1969.

HISTORY AND OBJECTS The switching matrix has been well known for use asfor example in interconnecting line circuits of telephone systems. Ingeneral most of the systems proposed have been quite complex andexpensive to manufacture. The systems have also been troublesome andcostly to repair and maintain.

It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a matrixswitching arrangement whichis inexpensive to manufacture andsubstantially trouble-free in operation.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a matrix programmingsystem which is inexpensive to repair and maintain operational.

A further object of this invention is to provide a crossbar switchingmechanism which has greater flexibility for use in programming,computerization, and communication systems generally.

Still a further object of this invention is to provide a crossbar systemwhich permits the use of a variety of different electrical componentsmounted on the crossbars permitting a variation of the equipmentdepending upon customer needs.

A further object of this invention is to provide a crossbar switchingmechanism which can be utilized in conjunction with existing relaysystems.

Still a further object of this invention is to provide a matrix systemso that at the points of intersection, there is positioned a sensing orresponsive element which will be effected only by the combinedelectrical effect of two crossbars in the area of intersection. Thesensing mechanism is in turn connected to an electrical component so asto open a circuit, close a circuit, operate an electrical system, oroperate another component or the like. Resistance wires, magnets,capacitor plates, inductances and light emitters, and various othermeans such as disclosed in my aforementioned patents, are by thisinvention shifted from inoperative to operative or operative toinoperative positions. The system may be equipped with a specialswitching arrangement so that when cooperating pairs are moved tooperative positions, in the first instance they will turn on anelectrical component which will remain on even though the cooperatingpairs are moved to inoperative positions. Upon the movement of the pairsfor the second time to operative positions, the cooperating electricalcomponents will cause the electrical component to be turned off and toremain off until the sequence of steps is begun again.

These and other objects of this invention will be apparent with thefollowing description and claims.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate by way of example variousembodiments of this invention:

FIG. I is a schematic plan view of a coordinate selection actuatorarrangement of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view diagrammaticallyillustrating a magnetic embodiment of this invention portions of whichare illustrated in dash lines;

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating an inductance embodimentof this invention;

FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic perspective views illustrating stilladditional inductance embodiments of this invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional fragmentary view illustrating yetanother inductance embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating in general theembodiment disclosed in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating a light rod embodiment ofthis invention;

FIG. 9 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating another embodiment ofthis invention utilizing photoconductive units;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of theembodiment illustrated in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating still a furtherembodiment of the light rod application of this invention.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevation view of a typical rodillustrated in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view illustrating yet another embodiment ofthe light rods of this invention;

FIGS. l4, l5, and 16 are fragmentary cross-sectional views illustratingfurther magnetic embodiments of this invention during the first, secondand third operational stages;

FIG. 17 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along thelines I7I7 in FIG. 16 and viewed in the direction of the arrows;

FIG. 18 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view illustratinganother embodiment of this invention similar to the embodiment shownFIGS. 14 through 17 but utilizing a separate reed switch arrangement;

FIG. 19 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view illustrating acapacitance embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 20 is a fragmentary diagrammatic plan view illustrating aresistance embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 21 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating still anotherembodiment of this invention utilizing an air pressure system.

FIGURE I In FIG. 1, the crossbar matrix M consists of a series of barsor rods 10 and 12 which are parallel and intersect with a second seriesof parallel bars or rods 14 and 16. The rods are normally biased in thedirection of the return spring means 18.

Solenoids 20 and 22 operate respectively rods l0, l2, and 14, and 16 ina direction away from the spring means 18.

A control panel 24 is provided with a series of control tabs A and Bhaving leads 26 and 28 for respectively operating the solenoids 20 and aseries of control tabs 1 and 2 for respectively operating the solenoids22. The bars or rods 10 and I2 carry energy emitting or controllingdevices 34 and the bars or rods 14 and 16 carry energy emitting orcontrolling devices 36.

Positioned at the intersection of the rods are energy detectors orsensors 38, 40, 42 and 44. The sensors 38, 40, 42 and 44 are connectedby leads 46 to various electrical components 48, 50, 52 and 54, whichare operated by the sensors or detectors 38, 40, 42 and 44. It will beobvious, that many more rods or bars may be utilized in the matrix M tooperate many more electrical components than illustrated in FIG. I.

OPERATION OF FIGURE I In the operation of FIG. 1, it will be noted thatpushbuttons A and l of the control panel 24 have been actuated tooperate the respective solenoids 20 and 22 so as to shift the bars 10and 14 in a direction opposite to the tension of the spring means 18. Indoing so, the energy emitting or controlling devices 34 and 36 on therods 10 and 14 will be shifted so as to be positioned above each otheror in the vicinity thereof so as to be within the area of detection orsensing by the sensor 38. The sensor 38 will in turn activate theelectrical component 48. None of the other sensors or detectors 40, 42and 44 will be operated since it requires two of the energy emitting orcontrolling devices 34 and 36 to be acting on the sensors or detectors38, 40, 42 and 44. With the other sensors 40, 42 and 44 illustrated inFIG. 1, either none of the energy emitting or controlling devices 34 and36 are acting upon the sensors or detectors 40, 42 and 44 or only one ofthe energy emitting or controlling devices 34 or 36 is acting on thesensors or detectors 40, 42 and 44.

A hold relay or the like (not shown) may be used for maintaining any oneof the electrical components 48, 50, 52 and 54 in operation after thefirst coordinate combination has been shifted to operative position andsubsequently released or moved to inoperative positions. Deactivation ofthe selected electrical component would be caused the second time thesame coordinated members are actuated. Alternatively, the

electrical components 48, 50, 52 and 54 can be made to operate each timea cooperating pair of buttons of the control panel 24 are actuated.Release of a cooperating pair of buttons or the like of the controlpanel 24 will immediately deactivate the selected electrical component.The spring means 18 normally maintain the bars and 12, 14 and 16 in anonactivating position.

FIGURES 2 AND 3 Utilizing the system as broadly shown in FIG. 1, therods may be such as illustrated in FIG. 2 in which the bar 56 and thebar 58 include magnets 60 and 62 respectively. The magnets 60 and 62 areso arranged and held by the bars 56 and 58 that they complement eachother when shifted to the cooperating position as generally shown inFIG. 2 where they are directly located one over the other. The sensor 64is designed to operate an electrical component only by the combinedeffect of the magnets 60 and 62. A single magnet will not havesufficient effect on a sensor to operate an electrical component.Instead of the sensors 64 being positioned beneath the bars 56 and 58 atthe intersection thereof, an induction coil 66 shown in dash lines, maybe provided which will be connected to an electrical component. Themagnets will then act in the nature of arrnatures to induce an EMF whichwill operate an electrical component only when the bars 56 and 58cooperate to shift the magnets simultaneously within the induction coil66.

In FIG. 3, the schematic shows a crossbar matrix system 68 in which thebars (not shown) would carry coils 70 and 72 for inducing sufficientvoltage in secondary coils 74 to activate a circuit component when thecooperating coils are positioned so as to induce the necessary operatingvoltage in the selected secondary coil 74. In FIG. 3, the lower lefthand combination signified by X is the only combination which wouldactivate an electrical component. It is obvious that the bars of thematrix can include means for supplying the necessary current to theinductance coils mounted on the bars through wiping contacts, etc.

FIGURES 4 AND 5 FIG. 4 illustrates a typical bar arrangement which couldbe used in conjunction with the system illustrated in FIG. 3. In thisarrangement, the bars 76 and 78 carry fingers 80 and 82 upon whichinductance coils 84 and 86 are wound. A secondary coil 88 is provided atthe intersections for operation in a manner such as described withsystem of FIG. 3.

In FIG. 5, a slightly different configuration is provided in which thebars such as bar 19 is provided with a slot 92 into which the wire 94passes. At spaced intervals on the bar 92, the wire 94 is wrapped toform an inductance coil 96. As in the case of the bar of FIG. 4, the barof FIG. 5 may be made of plastic or other nonconductive-type material.

FIGURES 6 AND 7 In FIG. 6, a block or housing 98 is provided withchannels or passageways 100. In the channels or passageways 100 bars 102and 104 are arranged in matrix fashion. The bars 102 and 104 areprovided with thickened portions such as 106 on the bar 102. Thepassageways 100 are substantially the same diameter as the thickenedportions of the bars 102 and 104 to permit the bars to slideoperationally therein. Within the block 98, at the intersections of thebars are the detectors or sensors 108 which may be in the form ofinduction coils, metallic detectors or the like.

Referring to FIG. 7, it will be observed that a shifting of the properrods 102 and 104 will shift the thickened portions of the bars or rods102 and 104 so that they are cooperating with each other within the areaof their selected detector 108 in a manner which is programmed inadvance. In FIG. 7 it will be observed that the lower right-handdetector 108 will be operable due to the fact that the thickenedportions of the rods 102 and 104 are both within the detecting area ofthe detector 108. None of the other detectors 108 will cause operationof an electrical component since the electrical components will onlyoperate upon cooperation of both of the thickened areas whereas in theother intersections, only one or none of the thickened areas 106 isavailable for detection by the other sensors 108. In the arrangement ofFIG. 7, the thickened portions 106 are actually the controlling meansfor the detectors 108. The rods I02 and 104 may be comprised entirely ofmetallic material or the like since reliance of an electrical componentis dependent upon the amount of mass within the area of detection andsince the component will be so designed to operate only if the mass isgreater than a single-unitary crosssectional area of one of the bars. Inthis way, operation will be dependent upon a mass greater than themaximum cross-sectional area of any one section of a bar.

FIGURES 8 THROUGH 13 Instead of utilizing magnets or inductancesaforementioned, the rods or bars may be light carriers in the nature oflucite or fiberoptics. They may also incorporate a series of spacedlights. FIG. 8 shows one modification in which the rods or bars 110 and112 are formed of lucite for transmitting light from one end of the rodwhere a light source is positioned. The rods are coated with an opaquematerial 113 with the exception of spaced windows such as 114 and 116.As schematically shown in FIG. 8, the rods are shown in activatedposition so that the windows 114 and 116 cooperate with each other toactivate a sensor 118 such as photocell or photoconductor. The combinedeffect of the light passing out through the windows 114 and 116 on tothe sensor 118 will be sufficient to energize an electrical circuitcomponent or the like. The number of windows in each rod would of coursedetermine the programming combination available. The rods in FIG. 8 areshown in the activation position. When in the inoperative position, thewindows would be shifted away from the sensor 118 so as to inactivatethe same.

In FIGS. 9 and 10, rods 120 and 122, 124 and 126 are operated bysolenoids 128, I30, 132 and 134. The rods carry lamps 136, 138, 140,142, 144, 146, 148 and 150 spaced in the area of the intersections ofthe rods. Mounted in a support block 152 illustrated in FIG. 10 are aseries of photoconductive rings 154 to 160. The photoconductive ringsare connected to electrical components (not shown) by leads 162. Thelamps 136 to 150 are tied into parallel wiring 164 as best illustratedin FIG. 10.

Spring return means 166 are provided for maintaining the rods 120, 122,124, and 126 in normal inoperative position. FIG. 10 shows the lamps 142and 148 in position so as to energize the photoconductors 158 and 160 tocause current to flow in the wire 162 leading to an electrical component(not shown). Under normal conditions, the photoconductors would have ahigh resistance when not illuminated. Conduction in the line 162 wouldbe caused when both of the photoconductive rings 158 and 160 areilluminated so as to cause the impedance at that time to be in a lowstate.

It is obvious that illuminating only one of the photoconductive memberswill not open the line 162 as the impedance on the other would be toohigh to permit practical current flow for operation of the electricalcomponent (not shown). It is obvious as in the other devicesaforementioned, that a flip-flop arrangement can be worked out to havethe electrical component operated on the first crossbar shift sequenceand shutoff on the second crossbar shift sequence.

FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate a slightly different embodiment from thatillustrated in FIG. 8. In this embodiment, the bars or rods 168 areoperated by solenoids 170. Photocells or other like sensors 172 areprovided which are connected to various electrical components (notshown).

The photocells are adjacent the area on intersection of the bars 168.The usual spring return means 174 is provided for various bars 168.

Spaced at intervals on the bars 168 are recessed areas for receiving acapsule or coated patches 176. The capsules or patches compriseradioactive, phosphorescent, fluorescent, or other types of luminescentmaterial of energy-emitting material. This material when shifted to beadjacent the detectors 172 will cause the detectors to activate theelectrical components (not shown). In the case of the fluorescentmaterial, the entire system may be bathed in black light (ultraviolet)so that the patches or capsules 176 will glow. It will be understood aspreviously explained that the photocells or detectors 172 will have anoperative threshold above that of the radiant energy emitted from asingle patch or capsule. In the diagrammatic showing of FIG. 11, thelower right hand comer intersection would be the operative intersectionas both of the capsules or patches 176 would be in close proximity tothe photocells or detectors. It is obvious in this modification as wellas in previous mentioned modifications, that combinations of differenttypes of emitting substances can be used in the same system ifnecessary. FIG. 12 merely illustrates how a bar 168 can include both theradioactive container or capsule 178 and a phosphorescent patch 180. Theradioactive container 178 can be snapped into or otherwise positionedand retained in a recess 182 in the bar 168.

Referring now to FIG. 13, the matrix system M will include bars 184 andbars 186 operated by solenoids 188 and 190. Sensors 192 are positionedat the intersections of the bars.

The bars 184 will be provided with screening material except in theareas 194. The areas 194 will in effect he energy transmitting areas.The bars 186 are provided with spaced energy emitters such as magneticflex devices, lights, radioactive emitters, etc.

The sensors will be positioned so that the bars 184 normally interferewith transmission of the energy from the emitters 196 except when thewindow areas or transmission areas or devices 194 are positioned at theintersections so as to permit the energy from the emitters 196 to passthrough or by the bars 184.

It will be obvious that one of the bars 184 or 186 may have alternatelypositioned transmitting areas 194 and emitting devices 196 providing theother bar 184 or 186 as the case may be is alternatively positionedbeneath the other bar so as to cause blocking action except when a pairof bars are selectively operated to provide an operable intersectionarrangement such as noted in the lower left-hand comer of the schematicillustration of FIG. 13.

FIGURES 14 THROUGH 18 FIGS. 14 through 18 show portions of a matrixassembly such as would be utilized in an arrangement quite similar tothat of Mustafa U.S. Pat. No. 3,427,575 referred to above.

In FIG. 14, the matrix assembly or panel P is provided with a series ofbars 198 and 200 of which only two are shown in cross relationshipthough it is obvious that any number could be provided for forming thematrix. The bars 198 and 200 include a series of spaced pusher members202 and 204. An interposer 206 is provided for purposes hereinafterdescribed. A switch operator 208 is provided which may take anyparticular form such as a toggle, snap-action, mercury, etc. The switchis designed to connect conductors 210 and 212. A recess 214 is providedfor a stop lug 216. A spring 218 is provided for maintaining the switchoperator 208 in the position shown in FIG. 14. If the switch operator208 is a magnet, a repellent magnet 220 may be provided in place of thespring 218 or they may be used in combination as illustrated in FIG. 14.

The pushers 202 and 204 include permanent magnets such as Alnico orother types. The interposer 206 may be of ferromagnetic material and mayactually be magnetic. In the case where the switch operator 208 ismagnetic, it is suggested that the interposer 206 be of ferromagneticmaterial and if a magnet, it should be a repelling magnet or a very weakmagnet as compared to the magnet 202 since the magnet 202 must pull theinterposer from the switch operator 208 if they are magneticallyattracted. Pusher 204 need not be magnetic. The conductors 210 and 212are connected to an electrical component (not shown).

Referring now to FIG. 14, the bar 200 will under normal circumstances bein the dotted line position with the pusher 204 also in the dotted lineposition. Upon actuation of the solenoid (not shown) the bar 200together with the pusher 204 will be moved to the position shown insolid lines in FIG. 14. With regard to the crossbar 198, the normalposition of the pusher 202 is that shown. The interposer 206 is also inits normal position being magnetically held in this position by themagnetic attraction of the pusher 202. Referring now to FIG. 15, the bar198 has been moved so that the pusher 202 delivers the interposer 206 tothe position illustrated. This is done by actuation of a solenoid (notshown) for operating the bar 198 subsequent to the operation of the bar200 by action of the solenoid (not shown) which operates on the bar 200to move the pusher 204 to the position illustrated in FIG. 15. Releaseof the solenoid for the bar 200 will cause the bar 200 to shift back tothe right or normal position and in doing so, the pusher 204 will pushthe interposer 206 to the right. The pusher 206 will act on the switchoperator 208 causing it to shift to the right thereby closing the switch222. The solenoid for-the bar 198 can then be released in which case thepusher 202 will shift back to the position illustrated in FIG. 14. Itwill be obvious that the switch 222 will remain closed so long as theswitch operator 208 remains in the position illustrated in FIG. 16. Withthe pusher 204 in its retracted position as illustrated, to release theswitch 222, the solenoid for the bar 200 is again operated to shift thebar 200 to the left thereby pulling the interposer 206 to the leftpermitting the switch operator 208 to be shifted to the left by means ofthe spring 218 or the repelling magnet 220 as the case may be. Shiftingto the left puts the members in position now shown in FIG. 15. Since thesolenoid for the bar 198 would have been released, the pusher 202 wouldnormally be in the dotted lines position shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. Uponactivation of the solenoid for the bar 198 the pusher 202 will resumethe position shown in FIG. 15 and will now be in engagement with theinterposer 206. It is to be noted that the pusher 204 if a permanentmagnet, will be removed far enough for ease in operation so as to bedisengaged from the interposer 206 to provide a gap 224 as bestillustrated in FIG. 15. Now upon the activation of the solenoid for thebar 198 while maintaining operational the solenoid for the bar 200 theinterposer 206 will now be shifted to the position illustrated in FIG.14 due to the magnetic pull of pusher 204.

In FIG. 18, the switch operator 208 will be unnecessary. The interposer206 being magnetic will cause operation of the sensor such as the reedswitch 226. The operation is essentially identical to that describedabove.

FIGURE 19 FIG. 19 shows an embodiment in which the rods 228, 230 move inthe panel assembly P fragmentally shown. The rods or bars 228 and 230include capacitor plates 232 and 234. Electrical conductors 236 and 238carry current to the capacitor plates 232 and 234. At the intersectionsof the bars 228 and 230 are capacitor plates 240 carried by conductors242 which lead to operating components (not shown). The operation issimilar to that described above in that the bars 228 and 230 are shiftedso as to move the plates 234 and 232 away from the capacitance plate 240to nonoperative positions. The combined voltages of the capacitances 232and 234 will make a major change in the voltage induced on the plate240, thus controlling the electrical component (not shown) tied into theconductor 242.

Positioning of only one capacitor plate such as 232 or 234 will induceonly a small voltage on the plate 240 which would be insufficient tocause operation of the electrical component (not shown).

It will be obvious that one of the bars 228 or 230 may be blocking barto be used to interpose between two capacitance plates in the mannersuch as previously disclosed in FIG. 13 wherein the members 192 and themembers 196 would be capacitance plates. Windows or open areas 194 suchas illustrated in FIG. 13 would be provided to operate in the manner asdescribed in FIG. 13.

FIGURE In FIG. 20, the rods 244 and 246 carry resistances 248 and 250which produce a combined heat effect which actuates a thermistor of thelike sensor 252. Suitable conductors 254 are mounted on the rods tocarry the resistances 248 and 250.

A matrix carrying crossbars 244 and 246 would operate in the manneraforementioned. It is possible that one of the bars 244 or 246 wouldcarry a resistance and the other of the bars carry a window or suitablemeans for passing heat in a manner described in FIG. 13. The rod whichwould carry the window would have a blocking action when in normalposition similar to that heretofore described.

FIGURE 21 In FIG. 21, the crossbars 256 and 258 would be tubular membershaving nozzle openings or pressure diaphragms 260 and 262. Fluidpressure sensors 264 would be positioned at the intersections of thebars 256 and 258. The fluid pressure sensors 264 would be connected tothe electrical components or to fluidic devices (not shown).

The bars 256 and 258 could be provided with means such as solenoidoperators 268 for shifting the bars 256 and 258. Connected to thetubular bars 256 and 258 for delivering a fluid thereto such as air orthe like would be fluid delivery tubes 270. The fluid tubes would beconnected to a source of fluid pressure 272.

The operation will be similar to that heretofore described, and it willbe noted that the lower left-hand corner sensor 264 will be the onlyoperable sensor as it must operate on the combined effect of the twonozzles or pressure diaphragms 260 and 262 at that particularintersection. None of the other sensors 264 will be operable due to thefact that none or only one nozzle or pressure diaphragm 260 or 262 willbe effecting that particular sensor 264.

It is further obvious that the members 260 and 262 can be valves whichmove in and out upon application of pressure within the bars 256 and258. The shifting of the valves will cause operation of the sensors 264which may be strain gauges or the like. Operation will be dependent uponthe combined force exerted by both of the valve members 260 as in thecase of nozzles or diaphragms.

It will be further obvious that the system illustrated in FIG. 13 may beadapted so that the sensors 192 may be pressure or fluid sensitive. Themembers 196 may be fluid nozzles, pressure diaphragms, or valves, etc.,which would operate on the sensors only through windows or othertransfer mechanisms 194 in the crossbars 184. The blocking action wouldbe as heretofore described.

To increase the operational capacity of the various devices illustratedwithout increase in panel size, variable intensity controls can beutilized similar to those set out in my US. Pat. Nos. 3,439,179 and3,406,377. Rheostats or other controls can be used to vary temperaturecapacitance, inductance, light, etc. Plural takeoffs can be used in themanner described by these patents in the inventions herein disclosed.

While this invention has been described, it will be understood that itis capable of further modification, and this application is intended tocover any variations, uses and/or adaptations of the invention followingin general, the principle of the invention and including such departuresfrom the present disclosure as come within known or customary practicein the art to which the invention pertains, and as may be applied to theessential features hereinbefore set forth, as fall within the scope ofthe invention of the limits of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. A crossbar matrix for operating circuit devices comprisa. a firstseries of bars mounted for movement in a first coordinated directionbetween operative and inoperative positions b. each bar of said firstseries having a series of spaced first energy-emitting devices 0. asecond series of bars mounted for movement in a second coordinateddirection between operative and inoperative positions d. each bar ofsaid second series having a series of spaced second energy-emittingdevices e. means for selectively moving said bars f. said first andsecond energy-emitting devices forming pairs cooperating only when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions g. anenergy-operated component for each of said pairs each operated only uponcooperation of its respective pair when the respective bars of each pairare moved to operative positions h. said energy-operated component beingmechanically independent of said energy-emitting devices i. wherebyselectively moving said bars selectively operates said energy-operatedcomponents thereby to operate selective circuit devices.

2. A crossbar matrix as in claim 1 and wherein:

a. said energy-operated components are sensors sensitive only to thecombined energy emitted by their respective cooperating pairs of saidemitting devices.

3. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are magnetic, and

b. said sensors are magnetic force field sensors.

4. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are heat radiating, and

b. said sensors are heat sensors.

5. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are radioactive, and

b. said sensors are radiation sensitive.

6. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are photoemissive, and

b. said sensors are photosensitive.

7. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are capacitor plates, and

b. said sensors are capacitor plates.

8. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are inductance members,

and

b. said sensors are inductance members.

9. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are fluidic and b. said sensors arefluid pressure sensitive.

10. A crossbar matrix as in claim 9 and wherein:

a. said bars include tubular means for supplying a fluid to saidenergy-emitting devices.

11. A crossbar matrix as in claim 10 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are fluid nozzles, and

b. said sensors are pressure diaphragms.

12. A crossbar matrix as in claim 6 and wherein:

a. said photoemissive devices are luminescent.

13. A crossbar matrix as in claim 6 and wherein:

a. said photoemissive devices are phosphorescent.

14. A crossbar matrix as in claim 6 and wherein:

a. said photoemissive devices are fluorescent.

15. A crossbar matrix as in claim 6 and wherein:

a. said sensors are photoconductive.

16. A crossbar matrix as in claim 3 and wherein:

a. said magnetic energy-emitting devices are permanent magnets.

17. A crossbar matrix as in claim 3 and wherein:

a. said magnetic energy-emitting devices are electromagnetic.

18. A crossbar matrix as in claim 13 and including:

a. an independent movable ferromagnetic switch means operator for eachof said cooperating pairs of first and second energy-emitting devices,

b. said switch means operators each having a switch nonoperatingposition, a switch-actuating position, and a switch-actuated position,and wherein:

c. said energy-emitting devices are magnetic.

19. A crossbar matrix as in claim 18 and including:

a. means for biasing said switch means operators towards saidswitch-actuating position.

20. A crossbar matrix as in claim 19 and wherein:

a. said biasing means includes spring means.

21. A crossbar matrix as in claim 20 and wherein:

a. said biasing means includes magnetic means, and

b. said switch means operators are magnetic.

22. A crossbar matrix as in claim 21 and wherein:

a. said magnetic biasing means are oppositely polarized to said switchmeans operators.

23. A crossbar matrix for programming circuit devices comprising:

a. a first series of bars mounted for movement in a first coordinateddirection between operative and inoperative positions b. each bar ofsaid first series having a first series of spaced first circuitcomponent operating means c. a second series of bars mounted formovement in a second coordinated direction between operative andinoperative positions d. each bar of said second series of bars having asecond series of spaced second circuit component operating means meansfor selectively moving said bars said first and second circuit componentoperating means forming cooperating pairs when the respective bars ofeach pair are moved to operative positions g. an energy-operatedcomponent for each of said cooperating pairs mechanically independent ofsaid operating means each operated only upon cooperative movement of itsrespective pair of circuit component operating means when the respectivebars of each pair are moved to operative positions, and h. at least oneof each pair of circuit component operating means including anenergy-emitting device cooperating with said pair to operate said pairsrespective energy operated component only when the respective bars ofeach pair are moved to operative position whereby selectively movingsaid bars selectively operates the energy operated components thereby tooperate selective circuit devices. 24. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23and wherein: a. each of said circuit component operating means includespusher means. 25. A crossbar matrix as in claim :23 and wherein: a. eachof said circuit component operating means includes puller means. 26. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein: a. each of said circuitcomponent operating means includes pusher-puller means. 27. A crossbarmatrix as in claim 24 and wherein: a. said pusher means areferromagnetic. 28. A crossbar matrix as in claim 25 and wherein: a. saidpuller means are ferromagnetic. 29. A crossbar matrix as in claim 26 andwherein: a. said pusher-puller means are ferromagnetic. 30. A crossbarmatrix as in claim 23 and wherein: a. said energy-operated componentsare magnetic sensors,

and b. said energy-emitting devices emit a magnetic force field. 31. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein: 65 a. said energy-operatedcomponents are heat sensors, and b. said energy-emitting devices emitheat. 32. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein: a. saidenergy-operated components are photosensitive, and b. saidenergy-emitting devices are photoemissive. 70 33. A crossbar matrix asin claim 23 and wherein: a. said energy-operated components areradiation sensitive,

and b. said energy-emitting devices are radiators. 34. A crossbar matrixas in claim 33 and wherein:

rem

a. radiators are radioactive.

35. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein:

a. said energy-operated components are light sensitive, and

b. said energy-emitting devices are lights.

36. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein:

a. at least the other of each pair of component operating means includesenergy-transmitting means cooperating with said energy-emitting deviceto permit operation of said pairs respective energy-operated componentonly when the respective bars of each pair are moved to operativepositions.

37. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein:

a. at least the other of each pair of component operating means includesenergy-blocking means cooperating with said energy-emitting device toblock operation of said pairs respective energy-operated component whenthe respective bars of said others of each pair of components operatingmeans are in the inoperative position.

38. A crossbar matrix as in claim 36 and wherein:

a. said energy-transmitting means of each pair includes an opening onsaid bar to permit energy from said energyemitting device to passthrough the said pair's respective energy component.

39. A crossbar matrix as in claim 30 and wherein:

a. said energy-transmitting means of each pair includes a window on saidbar to permit energy from said energyemitting device to pass through tosaid pairs respective energy-operated component.

40. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein:

a. at least some of said first series of bars include blocking means forsome of said second series of bars series of spaced secondcomponent-operating means when said some of said first series of barsare in inoperative position and said some of said second series of barsare in operative position.

41. A crossbar matrix as in claim 20 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are capacitor plates, and

b. said energy-emitting devices are capacitor plates.

42. A crossbar matrix as in claim 20 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are inductance members,

and

b. said energy-emitting devices are inductance members.

43. A crossbar matrix as in claim 20 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are fluidic and b. said energy-operatedcomponents are fluid pressure sensitive.

44. A crossbar matrix as in claim 20 and wherein:

a. said bars include tubular means for supplying a fluid to saidenergy-emitting devices.

45. A crossbar matrix as in claim 44 and wherein:

a. said energy-emitting devices are fluid nozzles, and

b. said energy-operated components are pressure sensitive diaphragms.

46. A crossbar matrix for operating circuit devices comprisa. a firstseries of bars mounted for movement in a first coordinated directionbetween an operative and an inoperative position b. each bar of saidfirst series having a series of spaced first energy-controlling devicesc. a second series of bars mounted for movement in a second coordinateddirection between operative and inoperative positions d. each bar ofsaid second series having a series of spaced second energy-controllingdevices e. means for selectively moving said bars f. said first andsecond energy-controlling devices forming pairs cooperating only whenthe respective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions g. anenergy operated component for each of said pairs operated only uponcooperation of its respective pair when the respective bars of each pairare moved to operative positions h. said energy-operated component beingmechanically independent of said controlling devices i. wherebyselectively moving said bars selectively operates said energy-operatedcomponents thereby to operate selective circuit devices.

47. A crossbar matrix as in claim 46 and wherein:

a. said energy-controlling devices include armatures, and

b. said energy-operated components are induction means.

48. A crossbar matrix as in claim 46 and wherein:

a. said bars each include a series of spaced armatures and b. saidenergy-operated components are induction means.

49. A crossbar matrix as in claim 47 and wherein:

a. said induction means are induction coils, and

b. said respective bars of each pair pass through its respectiveinduction coil.

50. A crossbar matrix as in claim 48 and wherein:

a. the armatures of each bar are of offset from the longitudinal axis oftheir respective bar.

51. A crossbar matrix as in claim 48 and wherein:

a. said spaced armatures are enlarged portions on each bar.

52. A crossbar matrix as in claim 48 and wherein:

a. said spaced armatures are reduced portions on each bar.

53. A crossbar matrix as in claim 42 and wherein:

a. said offset armatures only pass through their respective inductionmeans.

54. A crossbar switch as in claim 38 and wherein:

a. said energy-controlling devices are ferromagnetic.

S5. A crossbar switch as in claim 46 and wherein:

a. said energy-controlling devices are spaced permanent magnets.

56. A crossbar matrix for operating circuit devices comprisa. a firstseries of bars mounted for movement in a first coordinated directionbetween operative and inoperative positions.

h. each bar of said first series having a series of spaced firstenergy-transmitting devices 0. a second series of bars mounted formovement in a second coordinated direction between operative andinoperative positions d. each bar of said second series having a seriesof spaced second energy-transmitting devices e. means for selectivelymoving said bars f. said first and second energy-transmitting devicesforming pairs cooperating only when the respective bars of each pair aremoved to operative positions g. an energy-operated component for each ofsaid pairs each operated only upon cooperation of its respective pairwhen the respective bars of each pair are moved to operative positionsh. said energy-operated component being mechanically independent of saidenergy-transmitting devices i. whereby selectively moving said barsselectively operates said energy-operated components thereby to operateselective circuit devices.

57. A crossbar matrix as in claim 56 and wherein:

a. said energy operated components are sensors sensitive only to thecombined energy transmitted by their respective cooperating pairs ofsaid transmitting devices.

58. A crossbar matrix as in claim 57 and wherein:

a. said energy-transmitting devices are movable flexible diaphragms, and

b. said sensors are operable by means of said diaphragms.

59. A crossbar matrix for programming circuit devices comprising: Y

a. a first series of bars mounted for movement in a first coordinateddirection between operative and inoperative positions b. each bar ofsaid first series having a first series of spaced first circuitcomponent operating means c. a second series of bars mounted formovement in a second coordinated direction between operative andinoperative positions d. each bar of said second series of bars having asecond series of spaced second circuit component operating means e.means for selectivel moving said bars f. said first and secon circuitcomponent operating means forming cooperating pairs when the respectivebars of each pair are moved to operative positions g. an energy-operatedcomponent mechanically independent of said operating means each operatedonly upon cooperative movement of its respective pair of circuitcomponent operating means when the respective bars of each pair aremoved to operative positions, and

h. at least one of each pair of circuit component operating meansincluding an energy-transmitting device cooperating with said pair tooperate said pairs respective energyoperated component only when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative position i. wherebyselectively moving said bars selectively operates the energy-operatedcomponents thereby to operate selective circuit devices.

'60. A crossbar matrix as in claim 59 and wherein:

a. said energy-transmitting devices are movable flexible diaphragms, and

b. said energy-operated components are operable by means of saiddiaphragms.

61. A crossbar matrix for programming circuit devices comprising:

a. a circuit component operator b. a first series of bars mounted formovement in a first coordinated direction between operative andinoperative positions c. each bar of said first series having a firstseries of spaced first circuit component operator actuating means d. asecond series of bars mounted for movement in a second coordinateddirection between operative and inoperative positions e. each bar ofsaid second series of bars having a second series of spaced secondcircuit component operator actuating means f. means for selectivelymoving said bars g. said circuit component operator being nonintegralwith said actuating means h. said first and second actuating meansforming cooperat-. ing pairs when the respective bars of each pair aremoved to operative positions i. an energy-operated component for each ofsaid cooperating pairs each operated only upon cooperative movement ofits respective pair of circuit component operator actuating means whenthe respective bars of each'pair are moved to operative position 3'.whereby selectively moving said bars selectively operates theenergy-operated components thereby to operate selective circuit devices.

62. A crossbar matrix as in claim 61 and wherein:

a. each of said circuit component operator actuating means includespusher means.

63. A crossbar matrix as in claim 61 and wherein:

a. each of said circuit component operator actuating means includespuller means.

64. A crossbar matrix as in claim 61 and wherein:

a. each of said circuit component operator actuating means includespusher-puller means.

65. A crossbar matrix as in claim 62 and wherein:

a. said pusher means are ferromagnetic.

66. A crossbar matrix as in claim 63 and wherein:

a. said puller means are ferromagnetic.

67. A crossbar matrix as in claim 64 and wherein:

a. said pusher-puller means are ferromagnetic.

68. A crossbar matrix as in claim 61 and wherein:

a. said energy-operated components each include movable switch meanshaving actuated and nonactuated positions.

1. A crossbar matrix for operating circuit devices comprising: a. afirst series of bars mounted for movement in a first coordinateddirection between operative and inoperative positions b. each bar ofsaid first series having a series of spaced first energy-emittingdevices c. a second series of bars mounted for movement in a secondcoordinated direction between operative and inoperative positions d.each bar of said second series having a series of spaced secondenergy-emitting devices e. means for selectively moving said bars f.said first and second energy-emitting devices forming pairs cooperatingonly when the respective bars of each pair are moved to operativepositions g. an energy-operated component for each of said pairs eachoperated only upon cooperation of its respective pair when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions h. saidenergy-operated component being mechanically independent of saidenergy-emitting devices i. whereby selectively moving said barsselectively operates said energy-operated components thereby to operateselective circuit devices.
 2. A crossbar matrix as in claim 1 andwherein: a. said energy-operated components are sensors sensitive onlyto the combined energy emitted by their respective cooperating pairs ofsaid emitting devices.
 3. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 and wherein:a. said energy-emitting devices are magnetic, and b. said sensors aremagnetic force field sensors.
 4. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 andwherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are heat radiating, and b. saidsensors are heat sensors.
 5. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 andwherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are radioactive, and b. saidsensors are radiation sensitive.
 6. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2 andwherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are photoemissive, and b. saidsensors are photosensitive.
 7. A crossbar mAtrix as in claim 2 andwherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are capacitor plates, and b.said sensors are capacitor plates.
 8. A crossbar matrix as in claim 2and wherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are inductance members, andb. said sensors are inductance members.
 9. A crossbar matrix as in claim2 and wherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are fluidic and b. saidsensors are fluid pressure sensitive.
 10. A crossbar matrix as in claim9 and wherein: a. said bars include tubular means for supplying a fluidto said energy-emitting devices.
 11. A crossbar matrix as in claim 10and wherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are fluid nozzles, and b.said sensors are pressure diaphragms.
 12. A crossbar matrix as in claim6 and wherein: a. said photoemissive devices are luminescent.
 13. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 6 and wherein: a. said photoemissive devicesare phosphorescent.
 14. A crossbar matrix as in claim 6 and wherein: a.said photoemissive devices are fluorescent.
 15. A crossbar matrix as inclaim 6 and wherein: a. said sensors are photoconductive.
 16. A crossbarmatrix as in claim 3 and wherein: a. said magnetic energy-emittingdevices are permanent magnets.
 17. A crossbar matrix as in claim 3 andwherein: a. said magnetic energy-emitting devices are electromagnetic.18. A crossbar matrix as in claim 13 and including: a. an independentmovable ferromagnetic switch means operator for each of said cooperatingpairs of first and second energy-emitting devices, b. said switch meansoperators each having a switch nonoperating position, a switch-actuatingposition, and a switch-actuated position, and wherein: c. saidenergy-emitting devices are magnetic.
 19. A crossbar matrix as in claim18 and including: a. means for biasing said switch means operatorstowards said switch-actuating position.
 20. A crossbar matrix as inclaim 19 and wherein: a. said biasing means includes spring means.
 21. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 20 and wherein: a. said biasing meansincludes magnetic means, and b. said switch means operators aremagnetic.
 22. A crossbar matrix as in claim 21 and wherein: a. saidmagnetic biasing means are oppositely polarized to said switch meansoperators.
 23. A crossbar matrix for programming circuit devicescomprising: a. a first series of bars mounted for movement in a firstcoordinated direction between operative and inoperative positions b.each bar of said first series having a first series of spaced firstcircuit component operating means c. a second series of bars mounted formovement in a second coordinated direction between operative andinoperative positions d. each bar of said second series of bars having asecond series of spaced second circuit component operating means e.means for selectively moving said bars f. said first and second circuitcomponent operating means forming cooperating pairs when the respectivebars of each pair are moved to operative positions g. an energy-operatedcomponent for each of said cooperating pairs mechanically independent ofsaid operating means each operated only upon cooperative movement of itsrespective pair of circuit component operating means when the respectivebars of each pair are moved to operative positions, and h. at least oneof each pair of circuit component operating means including anenergy-emitting device cooperating with said pair to operate saidpair''s respective energy operated component only when the respectivebars of each pair are moved to operative position i. whereby selectivelymoving said bars selectively operates the energy operated componentsthereby to operate selective circuit devices.
 24. A crossbar matrix asin claim 23 and wherein: a. each of said circuit component operatingmeans includes pusher means.
 25. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 andwherein: a. each of said circuit component operating means includespuller means.
 26. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein: a. eachof said circuit component operating means includes pusher-puller means.27. A crossbar matrix as in claim 24 and wherein: a. said pusher meansare ferromagnetic.
 28. A crossbar matrix as in claim 25 and wherein: a.said puller means are ferromagnetic.
 29. A crossbar matrix as in claim26 and wherein: a. said pusher-puller means are ferromagnetic.
 30. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein: a. said energy-operatedcomponents are magnetic sensors, and b. said energy-emitting devicesemit a magnetic force field.
 31. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 andwherein: a. said energy-operated components are heat sensors, and b.said energy-emitting devices emit heat.
 32. A crossbar matrix as inclaim 23 and wherein: a. said energy-operated components arephotosensitive, and b. said energy-emitting devices are photoemissive.33. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein: a. saidenergy-operated components are radiation sensitive, and b. saidenergy-emitting devices are radiators.
 34. A crossbar matrix as in claim33 and wherein: a. radiators are radioactive.
 35. A crossbar matrix asin claim 23 and wherein: a. said energy-operated components are lightsensitive, and b. said energy-emitting devices are lights.
 36. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein: a. at least the other ofeach pair of component operating means includes energy-transmittingmeans cooperating with said energy-emitting device to permit operationof said pair''s respective energy-operated component only when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions.
 37. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 23 and wherein: a. at least the other ofeach pair of component operating means includes energy-blocking meanscooperating with said energy-emitting device to block operation of saidpair''s respective energy-operated component when the respective bars ofsaid others of each pair of components operating means are in theinoperative position.
 38. A crossbar matrix as in claim 36 and wherein:a. said energy-transmitting means of each pair includes an opening onsaid bar to permit energy from said energy-emitting device to passthrough the said pair''s respective energy component.
 39. A crossbarmatrix as in claim 30 and wherein: a. said energy-transmitting means ofeach pair includes a window on said bar to permit energy from saidenergy-emitting device to pass through to said pair''s respectiveenergy-operated component.
 40. A crossbar matrix as in claim 23 andwherein: a. at least some of said first series of bars include blockingmeans for some of said second series of bars series of spaced secondcomponent-operating means when said some of said first series of barsare in inoperative position and said some of said second series of barsare in operative position.
 41. A crossbar matrix as in claim 20 andwherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are capacitor plates, and b.said energy-emitting devices are capacitor plates.
 42. A crossbar matrixas in claim 20 and wherein: a. said energy-emitting devices areinductance members, and b. said energy-emitting devices are inductancemembers.
 43. A crossbar matrix as in claim 20 and wherein: a. saidenergy-emitting devices are fluidic and b. said energy-operatedcomponents are fluid pressure sensitive.
 44. A crossbar matrix as inclaim 20 and wherein: a. said bars include tubular means for supplying afluid to said energy-emitting devices.
 45. A crossbar matrix as in claim44 and wherein: a. said energy-emitting devices are fluid nozzles, andb. said energy-operated components are pressure sensitive diaphragms.46. A crossbar matrix for operating circuit devices comprising: a. afirst series of bars mounted for mOvement in a first coordinateddirection between an operative and an inoperative position b. each barof said first series having a series of spaced first energy-controllingdevices c. a second series of bars mounted for movement in a secondcoordinated direction between operative and inoperative positions d.each bar of said second series having a series of spaced secondenergy-controlling devices e. means for selectively moving said bars f.said first and second energy-controlling devices forming pairscooperating only when the respective bars of each pair are moved tooperative positions g. an energy operated component for each of saidpairs operated only upon cooperation of its respective pair when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions h. saidenergy-operated component being mechanically independent of saidcontrolling devices i. whereby selectively moving said bars selectivelyoperates said energy-operated components thereby to operate selectivecircuit devices.
 47. A crossbar matrix as in claim 46 and wherein: a.said energy-controlling devices include armatures, and b. saidenergy-operated components are induction means.
 48. A crossbar matrix asin claim 46 and wherein: a. said bars each include a series of spacedarmatures and b. said energy-operated components are induction means.49. A crossbar matrix as in claim 47 and wherein: a. said inductionmeans are induction coils, and b. said respective bars of each pair passthrough its respective induction coil.
 50. A crossbar matrix as in claim48 and wherein: a. the armatures of each bar are of offset from thelongitudinal axis of their respective bar.
 51. A crossbar matrix as inclaim 48 and wherein: a. said spaced armatures are enlarged portions oneach bar.
 52. A crossbar matrix as in claim 48 and wherein: a. saidspaced armatures are reduced portions on each bar.
 53. A crossbar matrixas in claim 42 and wherein: a. said offset armatures only pass throughtheir respective induction means.
 54. A crossbar switch as in claim 38and wherein: a. said energy-controlling devices are ferromagnetic.
 55. Acrossbar switch as in claim 46 and wherein: a. said energy-controllingdevices are spaced permanent magnets.
 56. A crossbar matrix foroperating circuit devices comprising: a. a first series of bars mountedfor movement in a first coordinated direction between operative andinoperative positions. b. each bar of said first series having a seriesof spaced first energy-transmitting devices c. a second series of barsmounted for movement in a second coordinated direction between operativeand inoperative positions d. each bar of said second series having aseries of spaced second energy-transmitting devices e. means forselectively moving said bars f. said first and secondenergy-transmitting devices forming pairs cooperating only when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions g. anenergy-operated component for each of said pairs each operated only uponcooperation of its respective pair when the respective bars of each pairare moved to operative positions h. said energy-operated component beingmechanically independent of said energy-transmitting devices i. wherebyselectively moving said bars selectively operates said energy-operatedcomponents thereby to operate selective circuit devices.
 57. A crossbarmatrix as in claim 56 and wherein: a. said energy operated componentsare sensors sensitive only to the combined energy transmitted by theirrespective cooperating pairs of said transmitting devices.
 58. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 57 and wherein: a. said energy-transmittingdevices are movable flexible diaphragms, and b. said sensors areoperable by means of said diaphragms.
 59. A crossbar matrix forprogramming circuit devices comprising: a. a first series of bArsmounted for movement in a first coordinated direction between operativeand inoperative positions b. each bar of said first series having afirst series of spaced first circuit component operating means c. asecond series of bars mounted for movement in a second coordinateddirection between operative and inoperative positions d. each bar ofsaid second series of bars having a second series of spaced secondcircuit component operating means e. means for selectively moving saidbars f. said first and second circuit component operating means formingcooperating pairs when the respective bars of each pair are moved tooperative positions g. an energy-operated component mechanicallyindependent of said operating means each operated only upon cooperativemovement of its respective pair of circuit component operating meanswhen the respective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions,and h. at least one of each pair of circuit component operating meansincluding an energy-transmitting device cooperating with said pair tooperate said pair''s respective energy-operated component only when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative position i. wherebyselectively moving said bars selectively operates the energy-operatedcomponents thereby to operate selective circuit devices.
 60. A crossbarmatrix as in claim 59 and wherein: a. said energy-transmitting devicesare movable flexible diaphragms, and b. said energy-operated componentsare operable by means of said diaphragms.
 61. A crossbar matrix forprogramming circuit devices comprising: a. a circuit component operatorb. a first series of bars mounted for movement in a first coordinateddirection between operative and inoperative positions c. each bar ofsaid first series having a first series of spaced first circuitcomponent operator actuating means d. a second series of bars mountedfor movement in a second coordinated direction between operative andinoperative positions e. each bar of said second series of bars having asecond series of spaced second circuit component operator actuatingmeans f. means for selectively moving said bars g. said circuitcomponent operator being nonintegral with said actuating means h. saidfirst and second actuating means forming cooperating pairs when therespective bars of each pair are moved to operative positions i. anenergy-operated component for each of said cooperating pairs eachoperated only upon cooperative movement of its respective pair ofcircuit component operator actuating means when the respective bars ofeach pair are moved to operative position j. whereby selectively movingsaid bars selectively operates the energy-operated components thereby tooperate selective circuit devices.
 62. A crossbar matrix as in claim 61and wherein: a. each of said circuit component operator actuating meansincludes pusher means.
 63. A crossbar matrix as in claim 61 and wherein:a. each of said circuit component operator actuating means includespuller means.
 64. A crossbar matrix as in claim 61 and wherein: a. eachof said circuit component operator actuating means includespusher-puller means.
 65. A crossbar matrix as in claim 62 and wherein:a. said pusher means are ferromagnetic.
 66. A crossbar matrix as inclaim 63 and wherein: a. said puller means are ferromagnetic.
 67. Acrossbar matrix as in claim 64 and wherein: a. said pusher-puller meansare ferromagnetic.
 68. A crossbar matrix as in claim 61 and wherein: a.said energy-operated components each include movable switch means havingactuated and nonactuated positions.